Overview

WebSocket tests allow you to proactively open WebSocket connections on your endpoints to verify responses and defined conditions, such as overall response times or expected headers.

WebSocket tests can run from both managed and private locations depending on your preference for running the test from outside or inside your network. WebSocket tests can run on a schedule, on-demand, or directly within your CI/CD pipelines.

Configuration

After choosing to create an WebSocket test, define your test’s request.

Define request

1. Specify the URL to run your test on.

2. Enter the string you want to send in your test.

3. Add Advanced Options (optional) to your test:

   • Timeout: Specify the amount of time in seconds before the test times out.
   • Request headers: Define headers to add to the HTTP request initiating the WebSocket connection. You can also override the default headers (for example, the user-agent header).
   • Cookies: Define cookies to add to the HTTP request initiating the WebSocket connection. Set multiple cookies using the format <COOKIE_NAME1>=<COOKIE_VALUE1>; <COOKIE_NAME2>=<COOKIE_VALUE2>.

   • HTTP Basic Auth: Add HTTP basic authentication credentials.

4. Name your WebSocket test.
5. Add env Tags as well as any other tag to your WebSocket test. You can then use these tags to filter through your Synthetic tests on the Synthetic Monitoring & Continuous Testing page.

Click Test URL to try out the request configuration. A response preview is displayed on the right side of your screen.

Define assertions

Assertions define what an expected test result is. When you click Test URL, a basic assertion on response time is added. You must define at least one assertion for your test to monitor.

Select the response preview directly or click New Assertion to create an assertion. You can create up to 20 assertions per WebSocket test.

To perform OR logic in an assertion, use the matches regex or does not match regex comparators to define a regex with multiple expected values for the same assertion type like (0|100). The test result is successful if the string response or header assertions’ value is 0 or 100.

If a test does not contain an assertion on the response body, the body payload drops and returns an associated response time for the request within the timeout limit set by the Synthetics Worker.

If a test contains an assertion on the response body and the timeout limit is reached, an Assertions on the body/response cannot be run beyond this limit error appears.

Select locations

Select the Locations to run your WebSocket test from. WebSocket tests can run from both managed and private locations depending on your preference for running the test from outside or inside your network.

Datadog’s out-of-the-box managed locations allow you to test public-facing websites and endpoints from regions where your customers are located.

The Datadog for Government site (US1-FED) uses the following managed location:

Specify test frequency

WebSocket tests can run:

• On a schedule to ensure your most important endpoints are always accessible to your users. Select the frequency at which you want Datadog to run your WebSocket test.
• Within your CI/CD pipelines to start shipping without fearing faulty code might impact your customers’ experience.
• On-demand to run your tests whenever makes the most sense for your team.

Define alert conditions

Set alert conditions to determine the circumstances under which you want a test to fail and trigger an alert.

Alerting rule

When you set the alert conditions to: An alert is triggered if any assertion fails for X minutes from any n of N locations, an alert is triggered only if these two conditions are true:

• At least one location was in failure (at least one assertion failed) during the last X minutes;
• At one moment during the last X minutes, at least n locations were in failure.

Fast retry

Your test can trigger retries X times after Y ms in case of a failed test result. Customize the retry interval to suit your alerting sensibility.

Location uptime is computed on a per-evaluation basis (whether the last test result before evaluation was up or down). The total uptime is computed based on the configured alert conditions. Notifications sent are based on the total uptime.

Configure the test monitor

A notification is sent by your test based on the alerting conditions previously defined. Use this section to define how and what to message your team.

1. Similar to how you configure monitors, select users and/or services that should receive notifications either by adding an @notification to the message or by searching for team members and connected integrations with the dropdown menu.

2. Enter the notification message for your test. This field allows standard Markdown formatting and supports the following conditional variables:

   Conditional Variable	Description
   {{ #is_alert }}	Show when the test alerts.
   {{ ^is_alert }}	Show unless the test alerts.
   {{ #is_recovery }}	Show when the test recovers from alert.
   {{ ^is_recovery }}	Show unless the test recovers from alert.
   {{ #is_renotify }}	Show when the monitor renotifies.
   {{ ^is_renotify }}	Show unless the monitor renotifies.
   {{ #is_priority }}	Show when the monitor matches priority (P1 to P5).
   {{ ^is_priority }}	Show unless the monitor matches priority (P1 to P5).

3. Specify how often you want your test to re-send the notification message in case of test failure. To prevent renotification on failing tests, leave the option as Never renotify if the monitor has not been resolved.

4. Click Create to save your test configuration and monitor.

For more information, see Using Synthetic Test Monitors.

Variables

Create local variables

To create a local variable, click Create a Local Variable. You can select one of the following available builtins to add to your variable string:

{{ numeric(n) }}

Generates a numeric string with n digits.

{{ alphabetic(n) }}

Generates an alphabetic string with n letters.

{{ alphanumeric(n) }}

Generates an alphanumeric string with n characters.

{{ date(n unit, format) }}

Generates a date in one of Datadog’s accepted formats with a value corresponding to the UTC date the test is initiated at + or - n units.

{{ timestamp(n, unit) }}

Generates a timestamp in one of Datadog’s accepted units with a value corresponding to the UTC timestamp the test is initiated at +/- n units.

{{ uuid }}

Generates a version 4 universally unique identifier (UUID).

To obfuscate local variable values in test results, select Hide and obfuscate variable value. Once you have defined the variable string, click Add Variable.

Use variables

You can use the global variables defined on the Settings page in the URL, advanced options, and assertions of your WebSocket tests.

To display your list of variables, type {{ in your desired field.

Test failure

A test is considered FAILED if it does not satisfy one or more assertions or if the request prematurely failed. In some cases, the test can fail without testing the assertions against the endpoint.

These reasons include the following:

CONNRESET

The connection was abruptly closed by the remote server. Possible causes include the web server encountering an error or crashing while responding, or loss of connectivity of the web server.

DNS

DNS entry not found for the test URL. Possible causes include misconfigured test URL or the wrong configuration of your DNS entries.

INVALID_REQUEST

The configuration of the test is invalid (for example, a typo in the URL).

SSL

The SSL connection couldn’t be performed. See the dedicated error page for more information.

TIMEOUT

The request couldn’t be completed in a reasonable time. Two types of TIMEOUT errors can happen:

• TIMEOUT: The request couldn't be completed in a reasonable time. indicates that the request duration hit the test defined timeout (default is set to 60s). For each request only the completed stages for the request are displayed in the network waterfall. For example, in the case of Total response time only being displayed, the timeout occurred during the DNS resolution.
• TIMEOUT: Overall test execution couldn't be completed in a reasonable time. indicates that the test duration (request + assertions) hits the maximum duration (60.5s).

WEBSOCKET

The WebSocket connection was closed or cannot be opened. One type of WEBSOCKET error can happen:

• WEBSOCKET: Received message longer than the maximum supported length. indicates that the response message length hits the maximum length (50kb).

Permissions

By default, only users with the Datadog Admin and Datadog Standard roles can create, edit, and delete Synthetic WebSocket tests. To get create, edit, and delete access to Synthetic WebSocket tests, upgrade your user to one of those two default roles.

If you are using the custom role feature, add your user to any custom role that includes synthetics_read and synthetics_write permissions.

Restrict access

Access restriction is available for customers using custom roles on their accounts.

You can restrict access to a WebSocket test based on the roles in your organization. When creating a WebSocket test, choose which roles (in addition to your user) can read and write your test.

Further Reading

Additional helpful documentation, links, and articles:

Introducing Datadog Synthetic MonitoringBLOG Run UDP and WebSocket tests to monitor latency-critical applicationsBLOG Introduction to Synthetic TestsLEARNING CENTER Learn about Synthetic test monitorsDOCUMENTATION