Redshift cluster logging disabled

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Metadata

Id: 3de2d4ff-fe53-4fc9-95d3-2f8a69bf90d6

Cloud Provider: AWS

Platform: CloudFormation

Severity: Medium

Category: Observability

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Description

Redshift clusters must have audit and query logging enabled so user actions and query activity are captured for detection, incident response, and compliance. Without logging, malicious activity and data access can go undetected. In AWS CloudFormation, AWS::Redshift::Cluster resources must define the LoggingProperties property and include a valid BucketName (and optional S3KeyPrefix) so logs are delivered to an S3 bucket. Resources missing LoggingProperties will be flagged. Ensure the destination S3 bucket has appropriate access controls, encryption, and retention or lifecycle policies to protect and retain logs.

MyRedshiftCluster:
  Type: AWS::Redshift::Cluster
  Properties:
    ClusterIdentifier: my-cluster
    NodeType: dc2.large
    MasterUsername: masteruser
    MasterUserPassword: ChangeMe123!
    NumberOfNodes: 2
    LoggingProperties:
      BucketName: my-redshift-logs
      S3KeyPrefix: redshift/logs

Compliant Code Examples

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Redshift Stack
Resources:
  RedshiftCluster:
    Type: AWS::Redshift::Cluster
    Properties:
      ClusterSubnetGroupName: !Ref RedshiftClusterSubnetGroup
      ClusterType: !If [ SingleNode, single-node, multi-node ]
      NumberOfNodes: !If [ SingleNode, !Ref 'AWS::NoValue', !Ref RedshiftNodeCount ] #'
      DBName: !Sub ${DatabaseName}
      IamRoles:
        - !GetAtt RawDataBucketAccessRole.Arn
      MasterUserPassword: !Ref MasterUserPassword
      MasterUsername: !Ref MasterUsername
      PubliclyAccessible: true
      NodeType: dc1.large
      Port: 5439
      VpcSecurityGroupIds:
        - !Sub ${RedshiftSecurityGroup}
      PreferredMaintenanceWindow: Sun:09:15-Sun:09:45
      KmsKeyId: wewewewewefsa
      LoggingProperties:
        BucketName: "Some bucket name"

{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09T00:00:00Z",
  "Description": "Redshift Stack",
  "Resources": {
    "RedshiftCluster2": {
      "Type": "AWS::Redshift::Cluster",
      "Properties": {
        "IamRoles": [
          "RawDataBucketAccessRole.Arn"
        ],
        "PubliclyAccessible": true,
        "NodeType": "dc1.large",
        "Port": 5439,
        "VpcSecurityGroupIds": [
          "${RedshiftSecurityGroup}"
        ],
        "PreferredMaintenanceWindow": "Sun:09:15-Sun:09:45",
        "ClusterType": [
          "SingleNode",
          "single-node",
          "multi-node"
        ],
        "NumberOfNodes": [
          "SingleNode",
          "AWS::NoValue",
          "RedshiftNodeCount"
        ],
        "DBName": "${DatabaseName}",
        "MasterUserPassword": "MasterUserPassword",
        "MasterUsername": "MasterUsername",
        "KmsKeyId": "wewewewewefsa",
        "ClusterSubnetGroupName": "RedshiftClusterSubnetGroup",
        "LoggingProperties": {
          "BucketName": "Some bucket name"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Non-Compliant Code Examples

{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09T00:00:00Z",
  "Description": "Redshift Stack",
  "Resources": {
    "RedshiftCluster4": {
      "Properties": {
        "NodeType": "dc1.large",
        "Port": 5439,
        "VpcSecurityGroupIds": [
          "${RedshiftSecurityGroup}"
        ],
        "ClusterSubnetGroupName": "RedshiftClusterSubnetGroup",
        "ClusterType": [
          "SingleNode",
          "single-node",
          "multi-node"
        ],
        "MasterUserPassword": "MasterUserPassword",
        "MasterUsername": "MasterUsername",
        "PreferredMaintenanceWindow": "Sun:09:15-Sun:09:45",
        "NumberOfNodes": [
          "SingleNode",
          "AWS::NoValue",
          "RedshiftNodeCount"
        ],
        "DBName": "${DatabaseName}",
        "IamRoles": [
          "RawDataBucketAccessRole.Arn"
        ],
        "PubliclyAccessible": true
      },
      "Type": "AWS::Redshift::Cluster"
    }
  }
}

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Redshift Stack
Resources:
  RedshiftCluster3:
    Type: AWS::Redshift::Cluster
    Properties:
      ClusterSubnetGroupName: !Ref RedshiftClusterSubnetGroup
      ClusterType: !If [ SingleNode, single-node, multi-node ]
      NumberOfNodes: !If [ SingleNode, !Ref 'AWS::NoValue', !Ref RedshiftNodeCount ] #'
      DBName: !Sub ${DatabaseName}
      IamRoles:
        - !GetAtt RawDataBucketAccessRole.Arn
      MasterUserPassword: !Ref MasterUserPassword
      MasterUsername: !Ref MasterUsername
      PubliclyAccessible: true
      NodeType: dc1.large
      Port: 5439
      VpcSecurityGroupIds:
        - !Sub ${RedshiftSecurityGroup}
      PreferredMaintenanceWindow: Sun:09:15-Sun:09:45