RDS DB instance with deletion protection disabled

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Metadata

Id: 2c161e58-cb52-454f-abea-6470c37b5e6e

Cloud Provider: AWS

Platform: CloudFormation

Severity: Low

Category: Backup

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Description

RDS DB instances must have deletion protection enabled to prevent accidental or unauthorized deletion that can cause irreversible data loss and service downtime. In AWS CloudFormation, the DeletionProtection property on AWS::RDS::DBInstance resources must be defined and set to true. Resources missing this property or with DeletionProtection set to false will be flagged. This does not replace regular snapshots or backups, so ensure backups are still configured.

Secure CloudFormation example:

MyDBInstance:
  Type: AWS::RDS::DBInstance
  Properties:
    DBInstanceIdentifier: my-db
    Engine: mysql
    MasterUsername: admin
    MasterUserPassword: 'REPLACE_WITH_SECRET'
    DeletionProtection: true

Compliant Code Examples

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: RDS Storage Encrypted
Parameters:
  SourceDBInstanceIdentifier:
    Type: String
  DBInstanceType:
    Type: String
  SourceRegion:
    Type: String
Resources:
  MyKey:
    Type: "AWS::KMS::Key"
    Properties:
      KeyPolicy:
        Version: 2012-10-17
        Id: key-default-1
        Statement:
          - Sid: Enable IAM User Permissions
            Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              AWS: !Join
                - ""
                - - "arn:aws:iam::"
                  - !Ref "AWS::AccountId"
                  - ":root"
            Action: "kms:*"
            Resource: "*"
  MyDBSmall:
    Type: "AWS::RDS::DBInstance"
    Properties:
      DBInstanceClass: !Ref DBInstanceType
      SourceDBInstanceIdentifier: !Ref SourceDBInstanceIdentifier
      SourceRegion: !Ref SourceRegion
      DeletionProtection: true
      KmsKeyId: !Ref MyKey
Outputs:
  InstanceId:
    Description: InstanceId of the newly created RDS Instance
    Value: !Ref MyDBSmall

{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09T00:00:00Z",
  "Description": "RDS Storage Encrypted",
  "Parameters": {
    "DBInstanceType": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "SourceRegion": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "SourceDBInstanceIdentifier": {
      "Type": "String"
    }
  },
  "Resources": {
    "MyKey": {
      "Type": "AWS::KMS::Key",
      "Properties": {
        "KeyPolicy": {
          "Id": "key-default-1",
          "Statement": [
            {
              "Sid": "Enable IAM User Permissions",
              "Effect": "Allow",
              "Principal": {
                "AWS": [
                  "",
                  [
                    "arn:aws:iam::",
                    "AWS::AccountId",
                    ":root"
                  ]
                ]
              },
              "Action": "kms:*",
              "Resource": "*"
            }
          ],
          "Version": "2012-10-17T00:00:00Z"
        }
      }
    },
    "MyDBSmall": {
      "Type": "AWS::RDS::DBInstance",
      "Properties": {
        "SourceDBInstanceIdentifier": "SourceDBInstanceIdentifier",
        "SourceRegion": "SourceRegion",
        "DeletionProtection": true,
        "KmsKeyId": "MyKey",
        "DBInstanceClass": "DBInstanceType"
      }
    }
  },
  "Outputs": {
    "InstanceId": {
      "Description": "InstanceId of the newly created RDS Instance",
      "Value": "MyDBSmall"
    }
  }
}

Non-Compliant Code Examples

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: RDS Storage Encrypted
Parameters:
  SourceDBInstanceIdentifier:
    Type: String
  DBInstanceType:
    Type: String
  SourceRegion:
    Type: String
Resources:
  MyKey1:
    Type: "AWS::KMS::Key"
    Properties:
      KeyPolicy:
        Version: 2012-10-17
        Id: key-default-1
        Statement:
          - Sid: Enable IAM User Permissions
            Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              AWS: !Join
                - ""
                - - "arn:aws:iam::"
                  - !Ref "AWS::AccountId"
                  - ":root"
            Action: "kms:*"
            Resource: "*"
  MyDBSmall1:
    Type: "AWS::RDS::DBInstance"
    Properties:
      DBInstanceClass: !Ref DBInstanceType
      SourceDBInstanceIdentifier: !Ref SourceDBInstanceIdentifier
      SourceRegion: !Ref SourceRegion
      KmsKeyId: !Ref MyKey
Outputs:
  InstanceId:
    Description: InstanceId of the newly created RDS Instance
    Value: !Ref MyDBSmall1

{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09T00:00:00Z",
  "Description": "RDS Storage Encrypted",
  "Parameters": {
    "SourceDBInstanceIdentifier": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "DBInstanceType": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "SourceRegion": {
      "Type": "String"
    }
  },
  "Resources": {
    "MyKey": {
      "Type": "AWS::KMS::Key",
      "Properties": {
        "KeyPolicy": {
          "Version": "2012-10-17T00:00:00Z",
          "Id": "key-default-1",
          "Statement": [
            {
              "Principal": {
                "AWS": [
                  "",
                  [
                    "arn:aws:iam::",
                    "AWS::AccountId",
                    ":root"
                  ]
                ]
              },
              "Action": "kms:*",
              "Resource": "*",
              "Sid": "Enable IAM User Permissions",
              "Effect": "Allow"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    },
    "MyDBSmall": {
      "Type": "AWS::RDS::DBInstance",
      "Properties": {
        "DBInstanceClass": "DBInstanceType",
        "SourceDBInstanceIdentifier": "SourceDBInstanceIdentifier",
        "SourceRegion": "SourceRegion",
        "DeletionProtection": false,
        "KmsKeyId": "MyKey"
      }
    }
  },
  "Outputs": {
    "InstanceId": {
      "Description": "InstanceId of the newly created RDS Instance",
      "Value": "MyDBSmall"
    }
  }
}

{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09T00:00:00Z",
  "Description": "RDS Storage Encrypted",
  "Parameters": {
    "SourceDBInstanceIdentifier": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "DBInstanceType": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "SourceRegion": {
      "Type": "String"
    }
  },
  "Resources": {
    "MyKey1": {
      "Type": "AWS::KMS::Key",
      "Properties": {
        "KeyPolicy": {
          "Id": "key-default-1",
          "Statement": [
            {
              "Effect": "Allow",
              "Principal": {
                "AWS": [
                  "",
                  [
                    "arn:aws:iam::",
                    "AWS::AccountId",
                    ":root"
                  ]
                ]
              },
              "Action": "kms:*",
              "Resource": "*",
              "Sid": "Enable IAM User Permissions"
            }
          ],
          "Version": "2012-10-17T00:00:00Z"
        }
      }
    },
    "MyDBSmall1": {
      "Type": "AWS::RDS::DBInstance",
      "Properties": {
        "SourceRegion": "SourceRegion",
        "KmsKeyId": "MyKey",
        "DBInstanceClass": "DBInstanceType",
        "SourceDBInstanceIdentifier": "SourceDBInstanceIdentifier"
      }
    }
  },
  "Outputs": {
    "InstanceId": {
      "Description": "InstanceId of the newly created RDS Instance",
      "Value": "MyDBSmall1"
    }
  }
}