CMK unencrypted storage

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Metadata

Id: ffee2785-c347-451e-89f3-11aeb08e5c84

Cloud Provider: AWS

Platform: CloudFormation

Severity: High

Category: Encryption

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Description

Storage encryption must be enabled for database and analytics clusters to protect data at rest and prevent exposure of sensitive data in volumes, snapshots, and backups if storage media or snapshots are compromised. In CloudFormation, the StorageEncrypted property must be defined and set to true for AWS::RDS::DBInstance, AWS::RDS::DBCluster, AWS::RDS::GlobalCluster, AWS::DocDB::DBCluster, and AWS::Neptune::DBCluster. For AWS::Redshift::Cluster, the Encrypted property must be defined and set to true. Resources missing these properties or with the properties set to false will be flagged.

Secure configuration examples:

MyRdsInstance:
  Type: AWS::RDS::DBInstance
  Properties:
    DBInstanceIdentifier: my-db
    StorageEncrypted: true

MyRedshiftCluster:
  Type: AWS::Redshift::Cluster
  Properties:
    ClusterIdentifier: my-redshift
    Encrypted: true

Compliant Code Examples

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: RDS Storage Encrypted
Parameters:
  SourceDBInstanceIdentifier:
    Type: String
  DBInstanceType:
    Type: String
  SourceRegion:
    Type: String
Resources:
  MyKey:
    Type: "AWS::KMS::Key"
    Properties:
      KeyPolicy:
        Version: 2012-10-17
        Id: key-default-1
        Statement:
          - Sid: Enable IAM User Permissions
            Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              AWS: !Join
                - ""
                - - "arn:aws:iam::"
                  - !Ref "AWS::AccountId"
                  - ":root"
            Action: "kms:*"
            Resource: "*"
  MyDBSmall:
    Type: "AWS::RDS::DBInstance"
    Properties:
      DBInstanceClass: !Ref DBInstanceType
      SourceDBInstanceIdentifier: !Ref SourceDBInstanceIdentifier
      SourceRegion: !Ref SourceRegion
      KmsKeyId: !Ref MyKey
      StorageEncrypted: true

{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09T00:00:00Z",
  "Description": "AWS CloudFormation Sample Template",
  "Parameters": {
    "DBUsername": {
      "MaxLength": "16",
      "AllowedPattern": "[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*",
      "ConstraintDescription": "must begin with a letter and contain only alphanumeric characters.",
      "NoEcho": "true",
      "Description": "Username for MySQL database access",
      "Type": "String",
      "MinLength": "1"
    },
    "DBPassword": {
      "Type": "String",
      "MinLength": "8",
      "MaxLength": "41",
      "AllowedPattern": "[a-zA-Z0-9]*",
      "ConstraintDescription": "must contain only alphanumeric characters.",
      "NoEcho": "true",
      "Description": "Password MySQL database access"
    }
  },
  "Resources": {
    "MyKey-0": {
      "Type": "AWS::KMS::Key",
      "Properties": {
        "KeyPolicy": {
          "Version": "2012-10-17T00:00:00Z",
          "Id": "key-default-1",
          "Statement": [
            {
              "Sid": "Enable IAM User Permissions",
              "Effect": "Allow",
              "Principal": {
                "AWS": ["", ["arn:aws:iam::", "AWS::AccountId", ":root"]]
              },
              "Action": "kms:*",
              "Resource": "*"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    },
    "RDSCluster": {
      "Type": "AWS::RDS::DBCluster",
      "Properties": {
        "StorageEncrypted": true,
        "MasterUsername": "DBUsername",
        "DBClusterIdentifier": "my-serverless-cluster",
        "ScalingConfiguration": {
          "MinCapacity": 4,
          "MaxCapacity": 32,
          "SecondsUntilAutoPause": 1000,
          "AutoPause": true
        },
        "EngineMode": "serverless",
        "KmsKeyId": "MyKey-0",
        "MasterUserPassword": "DBPassword",
        "Engine": "aurora",
        "EngineVersion": "5.6.10a"
      }
    }
  }
}

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: >-
  AWS CloudFormation Sample Template
Parameters:
  DBUsername:
    NoEcho: 'true'
    Description: Username for MySQL database access
    Type: String
    MinLength: '1'
    MaxLength: '16'
    AllowedPattern: '[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*'
    ConstraintDescription: must begin with a letter and contain only alphanumeric characters.
  DBPassword:
    NoEcho: 'true'
    Description: Password MySQL database access
    Type: String
    MinLength: '8'
    MaxLength: '41'
    AllowedPattern: '[a-zA-Z0-9]*'
    ConstraintDescription: must contain only alphanumeric characters.
Resources:
  MyKey-0:
    Type: "AWS::KMS::Key"
    Properties:
      KeyPolicy:
        Version: 2012-10-17
        Id: key-default-1
        Statement:
          - Sid: Enable IAM User Permissions
            Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              AWS: !Join
                - ""
                - - "arn:aws:iam::"
                  - !Ref "AWS::AccountId"
                  - ":root"
            Action: "kms:*"
            Resource: "*"
  RDSCluster:
    Type: 'AWS::RDS::DBCluster'
    Properties:
      MasterUsername: !Ref DBUsername
      MasterUserPassword: !Ref DBPassword
      DBClusterIdentifier: my-serverless-cluster
      Engine: aurora
      EngineVersion: 5.6.10a
      EngineMode: serverless
      ScalingConfiguration:
        AutoPause: true
        MinCapacity: 4
        MaxCapacity: 32
        SecondsUntilAutoPause: 1000
      KmsKeyId: !Ref MyKey-0
      StorageEncrypted: true

Non-Compliant Code Examples

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: >-
  AWS CloudFormation Sample Template
Parameters:
  DBUsername:
    NoEcho: "true"
    Description: Username for MySQL database access
    Type: String
    MinLength: "1"
    MaxLength: "16"
    AllowedPattern: "[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*"
    ConstraintDescription: must begin with a letter and contain only alphanumeric characters.
  DBPassword:
    NoEcho: "true"
    Description: Password MySQL database access
    Type: String
    MinLength: "8"
    MaxLength: "41"
    AllowedPattern: "[a-zA-Z0-9]*"
    ConstraintDescription: must contain only alphanumeric characters.
Resources:
  RDSCluster1:
    Type: "AWS::RDS::DBCluster"
    Properties:
      MasterUsername: !Ref DBUsername
      MasterUserPassword: !Ref DBPassword
      DBClusterIdentifier: my-serverless-cluster
      Engine: aurora
      EngineVersion: 5.6.10a
      EngineMode: serverless
      ScalingConfiguration:
        AutoPause: true
        MinCapacity: 4
        MaxCapacity: 32
        SecondsUntilAutoPause: 1000

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: >-
  AWS CloudFormation Sample Template AuroraServerlessDBCluster
Parameters:
  DBUsername:
    NoEcho: 'true'
    Description: Username for MySQL database access
    Type: String
    MinLength: '1'
    MaxLength: '16'
    AllowedPattern: '[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*'
    ConstraintDescription: must begin with a letter and contain only alphanumeric characters.
  DBPassword:
    NoEcho: 'true'
    Description: Password MySQL database access
    Type: String
    MinLength: '8'
    MaxLength: '41'
    AllowedPattern: '[a-zA-Z0-9]*'
    ConstraintDescription: must contain only alphanumeric characters.
Resources:
  RDSCluster-2:
    Type: 'AWS::RDS::DBCluster'
    Properties:
      MasterUsername: !Ref DBUsername
      MasterUserPassword: !Ref DBPassword
      DBClusterIdentifier: my-serverless-cluster
      Engine: aurora
      EngineVersion: 5.6.10a
      EngineMode: serverless
      ScalingConfiguration:
        AutoPause: true
        MinCapacity: 4
        MaxCapacity: 32
        SecondsUntilAutoPause: 1000
      StorageEncrypted: false

{
  "Parameters": {
    "DBUsername": {
      "NoEcho": "true",
      "Description": "Username for MySQL database access",
      "Type": "String",
      "MinLength": "1",
      "MaxLength": "16",
      "AllowedPattern": "[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*",
      "ConstraintDescription": "must begin with a letter and contain only alphanumeric characters."
    },
    "DBPassword": {
      "Type": "String",
      "MinLength": "8",
      "MaxLength": "41",
      "AllowedPattern": "[a-zA-Z0-9]*",
      "ConstraintDescription": "must contain only alphanumeric characters.",
      "NoEcho": "true",
      "Description": "Password MySQL database access"
    }
  },
  "Resources": {
    "RDSCluster1": {
      "Type": "AWS::RDS::DBCluster",
      "Properties": {
        "DBClusterIdentifier": "my-serverless-cluster",
        "Engine": "aurora",
        "EngineVersion": "5.6.10a",
        "EngineMode": "serverless",
        "ScalingConfiguration": {
          "AutoPause": true,
          "MinCapacity": 4,
          "MaxCapacity": 32,
          "SecondsUntilAutoPause": 1000
        },
        "MasterUsername": "DBUsername",
        "MasterUserPassword": "DBPassword"
      }
    }
  },
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09T00:00:00Z",
  "Description": "AWS CloudFormation Sample Template"
}