VPC Flow Logs disabled

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Metadata

Id: f83121ea-03da-434f-9277-9cd247ab3047

Cloud Provider: aws

Framework: Terraform

Severity: Medium

Category: Observability

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Description

Enabling VPC Flow Logs ensures that all network traffic within a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is captured and monitored for security and compliance purposes. Without the vpc_id attribute set for each aws_flow_log resource, as shown below, critical visibility into network traffic can be lost, making it difficult to detect suspicious activity or troubleshoot networking issues. To ensure accountability and monitoring, every VPC resource should have an associated flow log defined as follows:

resource "aws_vpc" "main" {
  cidr_block = "10.0.0.0/16"
}

resource "aws_flow_log" "main" {
  iam_role_arn    = aws_iam_role.example.arn
  log_destination = aws_cloudwatch_log_group.example.arn
  traffic_type    = "ALL"
  vpc_id          = aws_vpc.main.id
}

Compliant Code Examples

module "vpc" {
  source  = "terraform-aws-modules/vpc/aws"
  version = "3.7.0"

  name = "my-vpc"
  cidr = "10.0.0.0/16"

  azs             = ["eu-west-1a", "eu-west-1b", "eu-west-1c"]
  private_subnets = ["10.0.1.0/24", "10.0.2.0/24", "10.0.3.0/24"]
  public_subnets  = ["10.0.101.0/24", "10.0.102.0/24", "10.0.103.0/24"]

  enable_nat_gateway = true
  enable_vpn_gateway = true
  enable_flow_log    = true

  tags = {
    Terraform   = "true"
    Environment = "dev"
  }
}

resource "aws_vpc" "main" {
  cidr_block = "10.0.0.0/16"
}

resource "aws_flow_log" "example" {
  iam_role_arn    = aws_iam_role.example.arn
  log_destination = aws_cloudwatch_log_group.example.arn
  traffic_type    = "ALL"
  vpc_id          = aws_vpc.example.id
}

resource "aws_flow_log" "example2" {
  iam_role_arn    = aws_iam_role.example.arn
  log_destination = aws_cloudwatch_log_group.example.arn
  traffic_type    = "ALL"
  vpc_id          = aws_vpc.main.id
}

Non-Compliant Code Examples

resource "aws_vpc" "main" {
  cidr_block = "10.0.0.0/16"
}

resource "aws_flow_log" "example" {
  iam_role_arn    = aws_iam_role.example.arn
  log_destination = aws_cloudwatch_log_group.example.arn
  traffic_type    = "ALL"
  vpc_id          = aws_vpc.example.id
}

resource "aws_flow_log" "example2" {
  iam_role_arn    = aws_iam_role.example.arn
  log_destination = aws_cloudwatch_log_group.example.arn
  traffic_type    = "ALL"
  vpc_id          = aws_vpc.example2.id
}

module "vpc" {
  source  = "terraform-aws-modules/vpc/aws"
  version = "3.7.0"

  name = "my-vpc"
  cidr = "10.0.0.0/16"

  azs             = ["eu-west-1a", "eu-west-1b", "eu-west-1c"]
  private_subnets = ["10.0.1.0/24", "10.0.2.0/24", "10.0.3.0/24"]
  public_subnets  = ["10.0.101.0/24", "10.0.102.0/24", "10.0.103.0/24"]

  enable_nat_gateway = true
  enable_vpn_gateway = true
  enable_flow_log    = false

  tags = {
    Terraform   = "true"
    Environment = "dev"
  }
}

module "vpc" {
  source  = "terraform-aws-modules/vpc/aws"
  version = "3.7.0"

  name = "my-vpc"
  cidr = "10.0.0.0/16"

  azs             = ["eu-west-1a", "eu-west-1b", "eu-west-1c"]
  private_subnets = ["10.0.1.0/24", "10.0.2.0/24", "10.0.3.0/24"]
  public_subnets  = ["10.0.101.0/24", "10.0.102.0/24", "10.0.103.0/24"]

  enable_nat_gateway = true
  enable_vpn_gateway = true

  tags = {
    Terraform   = "true"
    Environment = "dev"
  }
}