IAM role with full privileges

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Metadata

Id: b1ffa705-19a3-4b73-b9d0-0c97d0663842

Cloud Provider: AWS

Platform: Terraform

Severity: High

Category: Access Control

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Description

IAM roles with full administrative privileges (using wildcard actions like *) grant unrestricted access to AWS resources, creating a significant security risk. If compromised, these roles could be exploited to access sensitive data, modify infrastructure, or launch attacks across your entire AWS environment. Instead of using wildcard permissions in the Action field, specify only the required permissions, as shown in the secure example:

"Action": ["some:action"]

Avoid insecure patterns such as the following:

"Action": ["*"] or "Action": "*"

Compliant Code Examples

resource "aws_iam_role" "negative1" {
  name = "test_role"

  assume_role_policy = <<EOF
{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Action": ["some:action"],
      "Principal": {
        "Service": "ec2.amazonaws.com"
      },
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Resource": "*",
      "Sid": ""
    }
  ]
}
EOF

  tags = {
    tag-key = "tag-value"
  }
}

Non-Compliant Code Examples

resource "aws_iam_role" "multi_statement" {
  name = "test_multi"

  assume_role_policy = <<EOF
{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Sid": "Safe",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Principal": {"Service": "ec2.amazonaws.com"},
      "Action": "sts:AssumeRole",
      "Resource": "*"
    },
    {
      "Sid": "Vulnerable",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Principal": {"Service": "ec2.amazonaws.com"},
      "Action": "*",
      "Resource": "*"
    }
  ]
}
EOF
}

resource "aws_iam_role" "jsonencoded" {
  name = "test_jsonencoded"

  assume_role_policy = jsonencode({
    Version = "2012-10-17"
    Statement = [
      {
        Sid       = "JsonEncodedVulnerable"
        Effect    = "Allow"
        Principal = { Service = "ec2.amazonaws.com" }
        Action    = "*"
        Resource  = "*"
      }
    ]
  })
}

resource "aws_iam_role" "positive1" {
  name = "test_role"

  assume_role_policy = <<EOF
{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Action": ["*"],
      "Principal": {
        "Service": "ec2.amazonaws.com"
      },
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Resource": "*",
      "Sid": ""
    }
  ]
}
EOF

  tags = {
    tag-key = "tag-value"
  }
}

resource "aws_iam_role" "positive2" {
  name = "test_role2"

  assume_role_policy = <<EOF
{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Action": "*",
      "Principal": {
        "Service": "ec2.amazonaws.com"
      },
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Resource": "*",
      "Sid": ""
    }
  ]
}
EOF

  tags = {
    tag-key = "tag-value"
  }
}